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Court Rules Change in Petty Theft Limit Is Retroactive, Turning Certain Grand Theft Conviction Into Petty Theft   by Greg Hill

Court Rules Change in Petty Theft Limit Is Retroactive, Turning Certain Grand Theft Conviction Into Theft

In 2010, the California Legislature amended Penal Code § 487 to increase the amount of property fitting the definition of petty theft. The amount was of property increased from $400 to $950. Any theft valued at $950 or below is consequently now petty theft; any theft of property with value above $950 is grand theft.

Often, when such an amendment is written, the provisions address retroactive application of the proposed law. Here, no such provisions in the amendment discussed retroactive application.

In the case of People v. Clenard Ebron Wade (2012 DJDAR 4510), the First Appellate District was asked to determine how the new limit would apply to Mr. Wade, who allegedly stole $700 in 2008, but his conviction had not become final as of 2012. The court decided the new provision of § 487 would apply retro actively. In other words, while $700 would be grand theft in 2008, as it was above $400 when the offense occurred, the First Appellate District considered the offense petty theft instead because the amended limits on petty theft were increased to $950.

The underlying events leading to Mr. Wade's appeal were not a simple case with only an alleged theft of $700. Wade was charged in Costa County Superior Court with twenty-three counts, with offenses ranging from robbery (PC § 211), battery causing serious bodily injury (PC §§ 242, 243 (d)), domestic violence (Penal Code § 273.5 (a)), criminal threats (PC § 422), assault with a firearm (Penal Code § 245), false imprisonment by violence (Penal Code § 236, 237 (a)), being a felon in possession of a firearm (Penal Code § 12021 (a) (1)), residential burglary (PC § 459, 460 (a)), forcible sexual penetration (PC § 289), forcible oral copulation (PC § 288 (a)), forcible rape (PC § 261 (a) (2)) and grand theft (Penal Code § 487).

All charges arose out of a single evening's activities lasting perhaps ten minutes. The grand theft allegedly occurred when Wade took $700 from his former girlfriend's purse after raping her, etc., as suggested by the charges described.

In other words, the reduction of Wade's grand theft conviction to petty theft did not have much practical benefit to Wade. After all, Wade was sentenced to prison for 33 years and eight months to life for his convictions on most of the above charges.

In evaluating whether it could apply the increased petty theft limit retroactively (alternatively, the minimum amount for grand theft), the First Appellate District looked to other statutes that did not address retroactivity, and how California courts have decided the issue. In looking at petty theft with a prior (PC § 666) and how the statute was amended as well as other court's determination that the amended section 666 did apply retroactively, (People v. Vixen (2011) 193 Cal. App. 4th 1190), the court reasoned 487 also apply retroactively.

Consequently, the Appellate court modified the judgment to reflect a conviction of the lesser included offense of petty theft (PC § § 484, 488) and remanded Mr. Wade's case back to the trial court for sentencing.

About the Author

This short article was written by Greg Hill of Greg Hill & Associates in Torrance, California. Greg Hill & Associates defends those accused of all crimes, both felonies and misdemeanors in state and federal court. A large majority of the cases we handle involve DUI, domestic violence, violation of protective orders and drugs, however, we have broad experience defending those accused of other crimes as well. Greg Hill is a former Marine Officer. He is a U.S. Naval Academy graduate (B.S., 1987), Boston University graduate (M.B.A., 1994) and Loyola Law School graduate (J.D., 1998). Visit the firm's website at http://www.greghillassociates.com or the firm's Facebook page at http://www.facebook.com/pages/greg-hill-associates/198954460153651. I need a new purse and I don't know where to find it! HELP!?

OK so Im looking for a purse like 20 dollars and under and I want a neutral color. One that will go with eveything. Im thinking a light brown. I just need a versitle color. Anyway, I want a relaxed bag. I want it in the hobo bag fashion but not leather. I want it really relaxed looking. I want the fabric really loose and the shape of the purse changes by the weight inside. You know? Where can I find it? I've seen it before but I don't know where they got it.

In your price range just about your only choice is to check discount stores or other lower end shops until you find a bag you like. You could probably find one Online, but the shipping would add to the price, which would be higher to begin with.